CTerm Manual

CTerm terminal characteristics

End of line behaviour (wrapping):

The cursor is moved to the first character of the next line as soon as a character is written to the last column of the current line, not on the next character. A tab will wrap to the next line only if the current cursor position is the last character on the line. This behavior is often surprising to people who are used to VT emulators which implement the LCF as documented in [STD-070], who expect the cursor to "stick" in the last column until the next character is received.

There are two settable flags that will impact the default behaviour.

CSI ? 7 l will disable wrapping at the end of line completely, and any characters written to the last column will not move the cursor at all, overwriting the existing charater. Default behaviour can be restored with CSI ? 7 h.

If the CSI = 4 h sequence is received, CTerm will enable LCF mode as documented in [STD-070], and CSI = 4 l will restore default behaviour. CSI = 5 h will set LCF mode and disable CSI = 4 l, as well as cause LCF to remain enabled across an ESC c (RIS).

Specifically, the LCF will be set when displaying a printable character advances the cursor to the right margin, and cleared by any of the following being received: CSI ? 6 h, CSI ? 6 l, CSI ? 7 l, CSI @, CSI A, CSI B, CSI a CSI j, CSI H, CSI f, CSI I, CSI Y, CSI J, CSI K, CSI P CSI X, CSI r, ESC E, ESC M, CR, LF, BS, TAB Any normal printable character when the cursor is at the right margin (of the screen or scrollable area).

Control characters

`0x00` NUL (`NUL`)

In doorway mode, indicates that the next character is a literal character. The IBM CP437 character will be displayed. This allows ESC and other control characters to be placed on the screen.

SOURCE: [BANSI]

`0x07` Bell (`BEL`)

Beep

`0x08` Backspace (`BS`)

Non-destructive backspace. Moves cursor position to the previous column unless the current column is the first, in which case no operation is performed.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`0x09` Horizontal Tab (`HT`)

Moves to the next horizontal tab stop. Does not overwrite any characters in between. If there are no tab stops left in the line, moves to the first position of the next line. If the starting position is on the last line, will perform a scroll, filling the new line at bottom with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`0x0A` Line Feed (`LF`)

Move cursor position to same column of the next row. If current row is the last row, scrolls the screen up and fills the new row with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`0x0D` Carriage Return (`CR`)

Move cursor position to column 1 of the current line

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`0x1B` Escape (`ESC`)

Introduces a control code. The ESC and the next byte together form the control code. If the control code is not valid, the ESC is ignored.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

Control Codes

Control codes are in the following format:
ESC {'0' to '~'} Legal combinations which are not handled are silently dropped.

`ESC E` Next Line (`NEL`)

Moves to the line home position of the next line. (Same as CR LF)

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`ESC H` Set Tab (`HTS`)

Sets a tab stop at the current column

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`ESC M` Reverse Line Feed (`RI`)

Move up one line

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`ESC P` Device Control String (`DCS`)

Begins a string consisting of the characters 0x08 - 0x0d and 0x20-0x7e, terminated by a String Terminator (ST)

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

Supported `DCS` string values

CTerm:Font:p1:<b64> CTerm Loadable Font (CTLF)

Indicates the string is a loadable font. (CTerm 1.213) + p1 is a font slot number, which must be higher than the last default defined font (See CSI sp D for list of predefined fonts). <b64> is the base64 encoded font data. Font size is deduced from the size of the data. This replaces the now deprecated CSI = Ps1 ; Ps2 {

[ p1 [ ; p2 ] ] q Sixel Sequence

Defaults: p1 = 0 p2 = 0 Indicates the string is a sixel sequence.

p1 selects the vertical height of a single pixel. This may be overridden by the raster attributes command, and is deprecated. Supported values

Table 1. Supported Values of `p1`
Value	Vertical Size
0,1,5,6	2 pixels
2	5 pixels
3,4	3 pixels
7,8,9	1 pixel

p2 indicates if unset sixels should be set to the current background colour. If p2 is 1, positions specified as 0 remain at their current colour.

Any additional parameters are ignored.

The rest of the string is made up of sixel data characters and sixel control functions. Sixel data characters are in the range of ? (0x3f) to ~ (0x7e). Each sixel data character represents six vertical pixels. The data is extracted by subtracting 0x3f from the ASCII value of the character. The least significant bit is the topmost pixel.

Sixel Control Functions

! Pn X Graphics Repeat Introducer: The character X is repeated Pn times.
" p1 ; p2 [ ; p3 [ ; p4 ] ] Raster Attributes: p1 indicates the vertical size in pixels of each sixel. p2 indicates the horizontal size in pixels. p3 and p4 define the height and width (in sixels) respectively of a block to fill with the background colour. This block may not extend past the current bottom of the screen. If any pixel data characters proceed this command, it is ignored.
# p1 Colour Select: Selects the current foreground colour from the sixel palette.
# p1 ; p2 ; p3 ; p4 ; p5 Palette map: Defines sixel palette entry p1 and sets it as the current foreground colour. p2 specifies the colour space to define the colour in, the only supported value is 2. p3, p4, and p5 specify the red, green, and blue content as a percentage (0-100).
$ Graphics Carriage Return: Returns the active position to the left border of the same sixel row. Generally, one pass per colour is used. In passes after the first one, sixels with a value of zero are not overwritten with the background colour.
- Graphics New Line: Moves the active position to the left border of the next sixel row.

SOURCE: [VT330/340]

$ q pt Request Status String (DECRQSS)

pt is the intermediate and/or final characters of a control function to query the status of. The terminal will send a response in the format

DCS p1 $ r pt ST

p1 is 1 if the terminal supports querying the control function and 0 if it does not.

pt is the characters in the control function except the CSI characters.

Table 2. Currently supported values of pt:
`pt`	Request SGR parameters
r	Request top and bottom margins
s	Request left and right margins
t	Request height in lines
$\|	Request width in columns
*\|	Request height in lines

SOURCE: [VT420]

p1 [ ; p2 [ ; p3 ] ! z Define Macro (DECDMAC)

Defaults: p2 = 0 p3 = 0

Sets a macro to be replayed using CSI Pn * z

p1 is the macro number to set, and must be between 0 and 63 inclusive.

If p2 is zero, the macro numbered p1 will be deleted before the new macro is set. If p2 is one, all macros are deleted before the new macro is set. If the macro is zero length, only the delete action is stored, you can’t store a zero-length macro.

If p3 is zero, the macro is defined using ASCII characters (0x20 - 0x7e and 0xa0 - 0xff only) if p3 is one, the macro is defined using hex pairs.

When the macro is defined using hex pairs, a repeat sequence may be included in the format of ! Pn ; D..D ; Pn specifies the number of repeats (default of one instance)+ D..D is the sequence of pairs to send Pn times. The terminating ; may be left out if the sequence to be repeated ends at the end of the string.

SOURCE: [VT420]

`ESC X` Start Of String (`SOS`)

As the above strings, but may contain any characters except a Start Of String sequence or a String Terminator sequence. The string is currently ignored.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`ESC \` String Terminator (`ST`)

Ends a string.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`ESC ]` Operating System Command (`OSC`)

Begins a string consisting of the characters 0x08 - 0x0d and 0x20-0x7e, terminated by a String Terminator (ST)

+ .Supported OSC values 4;(pX;pY)…:: Specifies one or more palette redefinitions.
pX is the palette index, and pY is the colour definition
Color format: rgb:R/G/B:::: Where R, G, and B are a sequence of one to four hex digits representing the value of the red, green, and blue channels respectively.

+ SOURCE: [XTerm]

104 [ ; Ps … ]: Resets palette entry to default. If the entire string is "104" (ie: no Ps present), resets all colours. Otherwise, only each index separated by a semicolon is reset.

SOURCE: [XTerm]

`ESC ^` Privacy Message (`PM`)

Begins a string consisting of the characters 0x08 - 0x0d and 0x20-0x7e, terminated by a String Terminator (ST) The string is currently ignored.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`ESC _` Application Program Command (`APC`)

Begins a string consisting of the characters 0x08 - 0x0d and 0x20-0x7e, terminated by a String Terminator (ST)

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

SyncTERM implements the following APC commands:

SyncTERM:C;S Ps1 Ps2 Store file (CTSFI)

Where Ps1 is a filename and Ps2 is the base64 encoded contents of the file. The named file is stored in the cache directory for the current connection.

SyncTERM:C;L [ ; Ps] List Files (CTLFI)

Defaults: Ps = *
Ps is the glob(3) pattern to use matching files. SyncTERM responds with an APC string with lines separated by newlines. The first line is always SyncTERM:C;L\n and for each matching file, a line in the form <Filename> TAB <MD5 sum> LF is sent (ie: "coolfont.fnt\t595f44fec1e92a71d3e9e77456ba80d1\n")

SyncTERM:C;SetFont; Pn ; Ps Set Font (CTSF)

Where Pn is a font slot number (max 255) and Ps is a filename in the cache. This sets font slot Pn to use the specified font file.

SyncTERM:C;DrawPPM Ps… Ps1 Draw a PPM from Cache (CTDPFC)

Draws a PPM from the cache directory on the screen. Ps1 is the filename and is required. Arguments for Ps are optional. The following options can be included (separated by semi-colons):

SX=#: Sets the left X position in the specified image to copy from. Default = 0.
SY=#: Sets the top Y position in the specified image to copy from. Default = 0.
SW=#: Sets the width of the portion of the image to copy. Default = Image width - SX
SH=#: Sets the height of the portion of the image to copy. Default = Image height - SH
DX=#: Sets the X position on the screen to draw the image at. Default = 0.
DY=#: Sets the Y position on the screen to draw the image at. Default = 0.
MX=#: Sets the X position in the mask to start applying from. Default = 0.
MY=#: Sets the Y position in the mask to start applying from. Default = 0.
MW=#: Sets the overall width of the mask (not the width to apply). If MFILE is not specified, and a mask is (ie: using MASK=), this is required. If MFILE is specified, the width is read from the file.
MH=#: Sets the overall height of the mask (not the height to apply). If MFILE is not specified, and a mask is (ie: using MASK=), this is required. If MFILE is specified, the width is read from the file.
MFILE=<filename>: Specifies a filename in the cache directory of a PBM file specifying a mask of which pixels to copy. Any pixel set to black (ie: 1) in the PBM will be drawn from the source image. Pixels set to white (ie: 0) will be left untouched.
MASK=<maskbits>: Specifies a base64-encoded bitmap, each set bit will be drawn from the source image, cleared bits will not be drawn. Requires MW= and MH= to be specified.
MBUF: Uses the loaded mask buffer.

The PPM file may be raw (preferred) or text. SyncTERM does not support more than 255 values per colour channel and assumes it is correctly using the BT.709 gamma transfer.

SyncTERM:C;LoadPPM Ps… Ps0 Load a PPM to Buffer (CTLPTB)

Loads a PPM to a buffer. Ps0 is the filename

B=#: Selects the buffer (0 or 1 only) to paste from.

SyncTERM:C;LoadPBM Ps… Ps0 Load a PBM to Buffer (CTLPBTB)

Loads a PBM to a buffer. Ps0 is the filename

SyncTERM:P;Copy Ps… Copy Screen into Buffer (CTCSIB)

Copies a portion of the screen into an internal buffer for use with the Paste function. Defaults to copying the entire screen.

B=#: Selects the buffer (0 or 1 only) to copy to.
X=#: Sets the left X position on the screen to start copying at. Default = 0.
Y=#: Sets the top Y position on the screen to start copying at. Default = 0.
W=#: Sets the width to copy. Default = Screen width - X.
H=#: Sets the height to copy. Default = Screen height - X.

SyncTERM:P,Paste Ps… Paste Buffer to Screen (CTPBTS)

Pastes from the copied buffer. Supports the same options as the Cache DrawPPM command except for the filename, and adds the B= option.

B=#: Selects the buffer (0 or 1 only) to paste from.

`ESC c` Reset to Initial State (`RIS`)

Resets all the terminal settings, clears the screen, and homes the cursor.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

Control Sequences:

Control sequences start with the Control Sequence Introducer which is ESC [. CSI will be used to express this from now on.

Control sequences are in the following format:
CSI {'0' (ZERO) to '?'}{SPACE to '/'}{'@' to '~'}
There may be multiple characters from the {'0' (ZERO) to '?'} and {SPACE to '/'} before the terminating {'@' to '~'} character.

Legal combinations not handled are silently dropped. Illegal combinations are displayed.

Sequence Parameters

Parameters are expressed by the {'0' (ZERO) to '?'} character set.

Sequences which use parameters use decimal parameters separated by a ';'. The use of a ':' from the set is reserved.

If the parameter string begins with '<', '=', '>', or '?' then this is a non-standard extension to the ANSI spec.

Table 3. Sequence Paramters
`Pn`	Indicates a single numeric parameter
`Pn1 ; Pn2`	Two numeric parameters
`Pn…`	Any number of numeric parameters
`Ps`	Single selective parameter
`Ps1 ; Ps1`	Two selective parameters
`Ps…`	Any numer of selective parameters

If a default is defined, the parameter is optional

`CSI Pn @` Insert Character(s) (`ICH`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves text from the current position to the right edge Pn characters to the right, with rightmost characters going off-screen and the resulting hole being filled with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn SP @` Scroll Left (`SL`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Shifts the contents of the screen left Pn columns(s) with leftmost columns going off-screen and the resulting hole being filled with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn A` Cursor Up (`CUU`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves the cursor position up Pn lines from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn SP A` Scroll Right (`SR`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Shifts the contents of the screen right Pn columns(s) with rightmost columns going off-screen and the resulting hole being filled with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn B` Cursor Down (`CUD`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves the cursor position down Pn lines from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn C` Cursor Right (`CUF`)

Defaults: Pn = 1 Moves the cursor position right Pn columns from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn D` Cursor Left (`CUB`)

Defaults: Pn = 1 Moves the cursor position left Pn columns from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 sp D` Font Selection (`FNT`)

Defaults: Ps1 = 0 Ps2 = 0 "sp" indicates a single space character. Sets font Ps1 to be the one indicated by Ps2. Currently four fonts are supported. Ps2 must be between 0 and 255. Not all output types support font selection. Only X11 and SDL currently do.

Table 4. Supported `Ps1` values
0	Default font
1	Font selected by the high intensity bit when `CSI ? 31 h` is enabled
2	Font selected by the blink intensity bit when `CSI ? 34 h` is enabled
3	Font selected by both the high intensity and blink bits when both `CSI ? 31 h` and `CSI ? 34 h` are enabled

Table 5. Currently included fonts
0	Codepage 437 English
1	Codepage 1251 Cyrillic, (swiss)
2	Russian koi8-r
3	ISO-8859-2 Central European
4	ISO-8859-4 Baltic wide (VGA 9bit mapped)
5	Codepage 866 (c) Russian
6	ISO-8859-9 Turkish
7	haik8 codepage (use only with armscii8 screenmap)
8	ISO-8859-8 Hebrew
9	Ukrainian font koi8-u
10	ISO-8859-15 West European, (thin)
11	ISO-8859-4 Baltic (VGA 9bit mapped)
12	Russian koi8-r (b)
13	ISO-8859-4 Baltic wide
14	ISO-8859-5 Cyrillic
15	ARMSCII-8 Character set
16	ISO-8859-15 West European
17	Codepage 850 Multilingual Latin I, (thin)
18	Codepage 850 Multilingual Latin I
19	Codepage 885 Norwegian, (thin)
20	Codepage 1251 Cyrillic
21	ISO-8859-7 Greek
22	Russian koi8-r (c)
23	ISO-8859-4 Baltic
24	ISO-8859-1 West European
25	Codepage 866 Russian
26	Codepage 437 English, (thin)
27	Codepage 866 (b) Russian
28	Codepage 885 Norwegian
29	Ukrainian font cp866u
30	ISO-8859-1 West European, (thin)
31	Codepage 1131 Belarusian, (swiss)
32	Commodore 64 (UPPER)
33	Commodore 64 (Lower)
34	Commodore 128 (UPPER)
35	Commodore 128 (Lower)
36	Atari
37	P0T NOoDLE (Amiga)
38	mO’sOul (Amiga)
39	MicroKnight Plus (Amiga)
40	Topaz Plus (Amiga)
41	MicroKnight (Amiga)
42	Topaz (Amiga)

Not all fonts are supported in all modes. If a font is not supported in the current mode, no action is taken, but there should be a non-zero 'Font Selection result' value in the Font State Report.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn E` Cursor Next Line (`CNL`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves the cursor to the first column of the line Pn down from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn F` Cursor Preceding Line (`CPL`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves the cursor to the first column of the row Pn up from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn G` Cursor Character Absolute (`CHA`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Movies the cursor to column Pn of the current row.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 H` Cursor Position (`CUP`)

Defaults: Pn1 = 1 Pn2 = 1
Moves the cursor to the `Pn2`th column of the `Pn1`th line.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn I` Cursor Forward Tabulation (`CHT`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Move the cursor to the Pn-th next tab stop. Basically the same as sending TAB Pn times.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Ps J` Erase in Page (`ED`)

Defaults: Ps = 0
Erases from the current screen according to the value of Ps

Erase from the current position to the end of the screen.

Erase from the current position to the start of the screen.

Erase entire screen. As a violation of ECMA-048, also moves the cursor to position 1/1 as a number of BBS programs assume this behaviour.

Erased characters are set to the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48], [BANSI]

`CSI Ps K` Erase in Line (`EL`)

Defaults: Ps = 0
Erases from the current line according to the value pf Ps

Erase from the current position to the end of the line.

Erase from the current position to the start of the line.

Erase entire line.

Erased characters are set to the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn L` Insert Line(s) (`IL`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Inserts Pn lines at the current line position. The current line and those after it are scrolled down and the new empty lines are filled with the current attribute. If the cursor is not currently inside the scrolling margins, has no effect.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn M` Delete Line(s) / "ANSI" Music (`DL`)

Defaults: Pn = 1 Deletes the current line and the Pn - 1 lines after it scrolling the first non-deleted line up to the current line and filling the newly empty lines at the end of the screen with the current attribute. If the cursor is not currently inside the scrolling margins, has no effect. If "ANSI" Music is fully enabled (CSI = 2 M), and no parameter is specified, performs "ANSI" music instead. See "ANSI" MUSIC section for more details.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48], [BANSI]

`CSI = Ps M` CTerm Set ANSI Music (`CTSAM`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION.
Defaults: Ps = 0
Sets the current state of ANSI music parsing. 0 - Only CSI | will introduce an ANSI music string. 1 - Both CSI | and CSI N will introduce an ANSI music string. 2 - CSI |, CSI N, and CSI M will all introduce an ANSI music string. In this mode, Delete Line will not be available.

`CSI N` BananaCom ANSI Music (`BCAM`)

"ANSI" Music / Not implemented. If "ANSI" Music is set to BananaCom (CSI = 1 M) or fully enabled (CSI = 2 M) performs "ANSI" music. See "ANSI" MUSIC section for more details.

SOURCE: [BANSI]

`CSI Pn P` Delete Character (`DCH`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Deletes the character at the current position by shifting all characters from the current column + Pn left to the current column. Opened blanks at the end of the line are filled with the current attribute. If the cursor is not currently inside the scrolling margins, has no effect.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn S` Scroll Up (`SU`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Scrolls the screen up Pn lines. New lines emptied at the bottom are filled with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI ? Ps1 ; Ps2 S` XTerm Set or Request Graphics Attribute (`XTSRGA`)

If Ps1 is 2, and Ps2 is 1, replies with the graphics screen information in the following format: CSI ? 2 ; 0 ; Px ; Py S Where Px is the width of the screen in pixels and Py is the height.

SOURCE: [XTerm]

`CSI Pn T` Scroll Down (`SD`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Scrolls all text on the screen down Pn lines. New lines emptied at the top are filled with the current attribute.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn X` Erase Character (`ECH`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Erase p1 characters starting at the current character. Will not erase past the end of line. Erased characters are set to the current attribute. This can erase across scroll margins.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn Y` Cursor Line Tabulation (`CVT`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Move the cursor to the Pn-th next tab stop. Basically the same as sending TAB Pn times.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn Z` Cursor Backward Tabulation (`CBT`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Move the cursor to the Pnth preceding tab stop. Will not go past the start of the line.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

CSI Pn ` Character Position Absolute (`HPA`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Move the cursor to the specified position on the current row. Will not go past the end of the line.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn a` Cursor Position Forward (`HPR`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves the cursor position forward Pn columns from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn b` Repeat (`REP`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Repeats the previous graphic character Pn times. Will not repeat escape sequences.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Ps c` Device Attributes (`DA`)

Defaults: Ps = 0
If Ps is 0, CTerm will reply with the sequence: CSI = 67;84;101;114;109;pN c 67;84;101;114;109 is the ASCII values of the "CTerm" string. pN is the revision ID of CTerm with dots converted to semi-colons (e.g. "1;156"). Use the revision to detect if a specific feature is available. If you are adding features to a forked version of cterm, please do so by adding an extra parameter to the end, not by incrementing any existing one!

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI < Ps c` CTerm Device Attributes (`CTDA`)

Defaults: Ps = 0
If Pn is 0, CTerm will reply with the sequence: CSI < 0 ; Ps… c

Table 6. Possible values for `Ps`
1	Loadable fonts are availabe via Device Control Strings
2	Bright Background (ie: DECSET 32) is supported
3	Palette entries may be modified via an Operating System Command string
4	Pixel operations are supported (currently, sixel and PPM graphics)
5	The current font may be selected via `CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 sp D`
6	Extended palette is available
7	Mouse is available

`CSI PN d` Line Position Absolute (`VPA`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves to row specified by Pn.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn SP d` Tab Stop Remove (`TSR`)

Defaults: None
Removes a tab stop at postion Pn.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn e` Line Position Forward (`VPR`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves forward Pn rows.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 f` Character and Line Position (`HVP`)

Defaults: Pn1 = 1 Pn2 = 1
Moves the cursor to the Pn2th column of the Pn1th line.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Ps g` Tabulation Clear (`TBC`)

Defaults: Ps = 0
Deletes tab stops according to the values of Ps:

Deletes tab stop at current position.

Deletes all tab stops.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI = 255 h` (`BCSET`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Enable DoorWay Mode

SOURCE: [BANSI]

`CSI = 4 h` Enable Last Column Flag (`CTELCF`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Enable Last Column Flag mode

`CSI = 5 h` Force Last Column Flag (`CTFLCF`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Force Last Column Flag mode

`CSI ? Ps… h` Set Mode (DECSET)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Sets one or more mode. The following modes are supported:

6	Enable origin mode. In this mode, position parameters are relative to the top left of the scrolling region, not the screen. Defaults to reset. SOURCE: [VT102]
7	Enable auto wrap This is the normal mode in which a write to the last column of a row will move the cursor to the start of the next line triggering a scroll if required to create a new line. Defaults to set. SOURCE: [VT102]
9	X10 compatible mouse reporting Mouse button presses will send a CSI M <button> <x> <y> Where <button> is ' ' + button number (0-based) <x> and <y> are '!' + position (0-based) SOURCE: [XTerm]
25	Display the cursor. Defaults to set. SOURCE: [VT320]
31	Enable bright alt character set With this mode set, the bright (1) graphic rendition selects characters from an alternate character set. Defaults to reset.
32	Bright Intensity Disable This makes the bright intensity bit not control the intensity. Mostly for use with `CSI ? 31 h` to permit fonts in the same colours. Defaults to reset.
33	Blink to Bright Intensity Background With this mode set, the blink (5,6) graphic renditions cause the background colour to be high intensity rather than causing blink. Defaults to reset.
34	Enable blink alt character set With this mode set, the blink (5, 6) graphic renditions selects characters from an alternate character set. Defaults to reset
35	Blink Disabled This makes the blink (5, 6) graphic renditions not cause the character to blink. Mostly for use with `CSI ? 34 h` to permit fonts to be used without blinking. Defaults to reset.
67	When set, the backspace key sends a backspace character. Defaults to set.
69	DEC Left Right Margin Mode enabled Enables `CSI s` to set the left/right margins, and disables `CSI s` from saving the current cursor position.
80	Sixel Scrolling Enabled When this is set, the sixel active position begins in the upper-left corner of the currently active text position. When the sixel active position reaches the bottom of the page, the page is scrolled up. At the end of the sixel string, a sixel newline is appended, and the current cursor position is the one in which the bottom sixel is in. Defaults to set. SOURCE: [VT330/340]
1000	Normal tracking mode mouse reporting Mouse button presses will send a CSI M <button> <x> <y> Where <button> is ' ' + button number (0-based) Mouse button releases will use a button number of 4 <x> and <y> are '!' + position (0-based) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1001	Highlight tracking mode mouse reporting (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1002	Button-event tracking mode mouse reporting Mouse button presses and movement when a button is pressed will send a CSI M <button> <x> <y> Where <button> is ' ' + button number (0-based) 32 is added to the button number for movement events. Mouse button releases will use a button number of 4 <x> and <y> are '!' + position (0-based) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1003	Any-event tracking mode mouse reporting Mouse button presses and movement will send a CSI M <button> <x> <y> Where <button> is ' ' + button number (0-based) 32 is added to the button number for movement events. Mouse button releases will use a button number of 4 <x> and <y> are '!' + position (0-based) If no button is pressed, it acts as though button 0 is. SOURCE: [XTerm]
1004	Focus-event tracking mode mouse reporting (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1005	UTF-8 encoded extended coordinates (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1006	SGR encoded extended coordinates Instead of the CSI M method, the format of mouse reporting is changed to CSI < Pb ; Px ; Py M for presses and CSI < Pb ; Px ; Py m for releases. Instead of CSI M Px and Py are one-based. Pb remains the same (32 added for movement) Button 3 is not used for release (separate code) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1007	Alternate scroll mode (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1015	URXVT encoded extended coordinates (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
2004	Set bracketed paste mode SOURCE: [XTerm]

`CSI Pn j` Character Position Backward (`HPB`)

Defaults: Pn = 1
Moves the cursor position left Pn columns from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI Pn k` Line Position Backward (`VPB`)

Defaults: Pn = 1 Moves the cursor position up Pn lines from the current position. Attempting to move past the screen boundaries stops the cursor at the screen boundary.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48]

`CSI = 255 l` Disable DoorWay Mode (`BCRST`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION

SOURCE: [BANSI]

`CSI = 4 l` (`CTDLCF`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Disable Last Column Flag mode

`CSI ? Ps… l` Reset Mode (`DECRST`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Resets one or more mode. The following modes are supported:

6	Origin Mode With this mode reset, position parameters are relative to the top left of the screen, not the scrolling region. Defaults to reset. SOURCE: [VT102]
7	Disable auto wrap Resetting this mode causes a write to the last column of a to leave the cursor where it was before the write occurred, overwriting anything which was previously written to the same position. SOURCE: [VT102]
9	Disable X10 compatible mouse reporting
25	Hide the cursor. Defaults to set. SOURCE: [VT320]
31	Disable bright alt character set With this mode reset, the bright (1) graphic rendition does not select an alternative font. Defaults to reset.
32	Bright Intensity Enable When reset, bright intensity graphics rendition behaves normally. Defaults to reset.
33	Disable Blink to Bright Intensity Background With this mode set, the blink (5,6) graphic renditions do not affect the background colour. Defaults to reset.
34	Disable blink alt character set With this mode reset, the blink (5, 6) graphic renditions do not select characters from an alternate character set. Defaults to reset.
35	Blink Enable With this mode reset, the blink (5,6) graphic renditions behave normally (cause the characters to blink). Defaults to reset.
67	When reset, the backspace key sends a delete character. Defaults to set.
69	DEC Left Right Margin Mode disabled Disables CSI s from setting the left/right margins, and changes it back to saving the current cursor position. The current left/right margins are maintained.
80	Sixel Scrolling Disabled When this is reset, the sixel active position begins in the upper-left corner of the page. Any commands that attempt to advance the sixel position past the bottom of the page are ignored. At the end of the sixel string, the current cursor position is unchanged from where it was when the sixel string started. Defaults to set. SOURCE: [VT330/340]
1000	Disable Normal tracking mode mouse reporting SOURCE: [XTerm]
1001	Disable Highlight tracking mode mouse reporting (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1002	Disable Button-event tracking mode mouse reporting SOURCE: [XTerm]
1003	Disable Any-event tracking mode mouse reporting SOURCE: [XTerm]
1004	Disable Focus-event tracking mode mouse reporting (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1005	Disable UTF-8 encoded extended coordinates (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1006	Disable SGR encoded extended coordinates SOURCE: [XTerm]
1007	Disable Alternate scroll mode (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
1015	Disable URXVT encoded extended coordinates (Not supported by SyncTERM) SOURCE: [XTerm]
2004	Disable bracketed paste mode SOURCE: [XTerm] [Paste64]

`CSI Ps… m` Select Graphic Rendition (`SGR`)

Defaults: Ps1 = 0
Sets or clears one or more text attributes. Unlimited parameters are supported and are applied in received order. The following are supported:

Ps

Description

Blink

Bold

Default attribute, white on black

√

Bright Intensity

√

Dim intensity

√

Blink (By definition, slow blink)

√

Blink (By definition, fast blink)

NOTE: Both blinks are the same speed.

√

Negative Image - Reverses FG and BG

√

Concealed characters, sets the

foreground colour to the background colour.

√

Normal intensity

√

Steady (Not blinking)

√

Positive Image - Restores FG and BG

NOTE: This should be a separate attribute than 7 but this implementation makes them equal

√

Black foreground

√

Red foreground

√

Green foreground

√

Yellow foreground

√

Blue foreground

√

Magenta foreground

√

Cyan foreground

√

White foreground

√

Extended Foreground (see notes)

√

Default foreground (same as white)

√

Black background

√

Red background

√

Green background

√

Yellow background

√

Blue background

√

Magenta background

√

Cyan background

√

White background

√

Extended Background (see notes)

√

Default background (same as black)

√

Bright Red foreground

√

Bright Green foreground

√

Bright Yellow foreground

√

Bright Blue foreground

√

Bright Magenta foreground

√

Bright Cyan foreground

√

Bright White foreground

√

100

Bright Black background

√

101

Bright Red background

√

102

Bright Green background

√

103

Bright Yellow background

√

104

Bright Blue background

√

105

Bright Magenta background

√

106

Bright Cyan background

√

107

Bright White background

√

All others are ignored.

Blink indicates the blink bit. Bold indicates the bold bit. FG indicates the foreground colour. BG indicates the background colour. TF indicates that the Tru Colour foreground is changed. TB indicates that the Tru Colour background is changed.

Note	For 90-97, there is no effect unless bright foreground colours are enabled.

Note	For 100-107, there is no effect unless bright background colours are enabled.

Note	For 38 and 48, two additional formats are supported, a palette selection and a direct colour selection.

For palette selection, an additional two parameters are required after that value. They are considered part of the 38/48, not separate values. The first additional parameter must be a 5. The second additional parameter specified the palette index to use. To set the foreground to orange, and the background to a fairly dark grey, you would send: CSI 38 ; 5 ; 214 ; 48 ; 5 ; 238 m

The default palette is the XTerm 256-colour palette. [256colors]

For direct colour selection, an additional four parameters are required after that value. They are considered part of the 38/48, not separate values. The first additional parameter must be a 2. The second, third, and fourth specify the R/G/B values respectively. CTerm handles this with an internal temporary palette, so scrollback may not have the correct colours. The internal palette is large enough for all cells in a 132x60 screen to have unique foreground and background colours though, so the current screen should always be as expected.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48], [XTerm]

`CSI Ps n` Device Status Report (`DSR`)

Defaults: Ps = 0
A request for a status report. CTerm handles the following three requests:

Request a DSR

CTerm will always reply with CSI 0 n indicating "ready, no malfunction detected"

Request active cursor position

CTerm will reply with CSI y ; x R where y is the current line and x is the current row.

255

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION (BCDSR)

Replies as though a CSI 6 n was received with the cursor in the bottom right corner. i.e.: Returns the terminal size as a position report.

SOURCE: [ECMA-48] (parameters 5 and 6 only) [BANSI] (parameter 255)

`CSI = Ps n` State/Mode Request/Report (`CTSMRR`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Defaults: Ps = 1
When Ps is 1, CTerm will respond with a Font State Report of the form CSI = 1 ;pF ;pR ;pS0 ;pS1 ;pS2 ;pS3 n pF is the first available loadable-font slot number pR is the result of the previous "Font Selection" request:

successful font selection

failed font selection

no font selection request has been received

pS0 - pS3 contain the font slots numbers of previously successful "Font Selection" requests into the 4 available alternate-font style/attribute values:

pS0

normal attribute font slot

pS1

high intensity foreground attribute font slot

pS2

blink attribute font slot

pS3

high intensity blink attribute font slot

When Ps is 2, CTerm will respond with a Mode Report of the form CSI = 2[;pN [;pN] […]] n Where pN represent zero or more mode values set previously (e.g. via CSI ? pN h). Mode values cleared (disabled via CSI ? pN l) will not be included in the set of values returned in the Mode Report. If no modes are currently set, an empty parameter will be included as the first and only pN.

When Ps is 3, CTerm will respond with a Mode Report of the form CSI = 3 ; pH ; pW n Where pH is the height of a character cell in pixels, and pW is the width of a character cell in pixels.

When Ps is 4, CTerm will respond with a Mode Report of the form CSI = 4 ; pF n Where pF is 1 if LCF mode is enabled, and 0 if it is disabled.

When Ps is 5, CTerm will respond with a Mode Report of the form CSI = 5 ; pF n Where pF is 1 if LCF mode is forced, and 0 if it is not.

`CSI ? Ps [ ; Pn ] n` Device Status Report (`DECDSR`)

When Ps is 62 (DECMSR) and there is no Pn, CTerm will respond with a Mode Report of the form CSI 32767 * { This indicates that 524,272 bytes are available for macro storage. This is not actually true, SyncTERM will use all available memory for macro storage, but some software checks this value, and some parsers don’t allow more than INT16_MAX parameter values.

When Ps is 63 (DECCKSR) Pn defaults to 1, and CTerm will respond with a checksum of the defined macros in the form DCS Pn ! xxxx ST Where xxxx is the hex checksum.

SOURCE: [VT420]

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 r` Set Top and Bottom Margins (`DECSTBM`)

Defaults: Pn1 = 1 Pn2 = last line on screen
Selects top and bottom margins, defining the scrolling region. Pn1 is the line number of the first line in the scrolling region. Pn2 is the line number of the bottom line.

SOURCE: [XTerm]

`CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 * r` Select Communication Speed (`DECSCS`)

Set the output emulation speed. If Ps1 or Ps2 are omitted, causes output speed emulation to stop Ps1 may be empty. Sequence is ignored if Ps1 is not empty, 0, or 1. The value of Ps2 sets the output speed emulation as follows:

Value	Speed
empty, 0	Unlimited
1	300
2	600
3	1200
4	2400
5	4800
6	9600
7	19200
8	38400
9	57600
10	76800
11	115200

SOURCE: [VT420]

`CSI ? Ps… s` Save Mode Setting (`CTSMS`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION
Saves the current mode states as specified by CSI ? l and CSI ? h. If Ps1 is omitted, saves all such states. If one or more values of Ps is included, saves only the specified states (arguments to CSI ? l/h).

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 s` Set Left and Right Margins (`DECSLRM`)

(Only when DEC Left Right Margin Mode - 69 - is enabled)

Defaults: Pn1 = 1 Pn2 = last column on screen
If either Pn1 or Pn2 is zero, the current setting is retained. Selects left and right margins, defining the scrolling region. Pn1 is the column number of the first column in the scrolling region. Pn2 is the column number of the right column.

SOURCE: [XTerm]

`CSI s` Save Current Position (`SCOSC`)

(Only when DEC Left Right Margin Mode - 69 - is disabled) NON-STANDARD EXTENSION Saves the current cursor position for later restoring with CSI u although this is non-standard, it’s so widely used in the BBS world that any terminal program MUST implement it.

SOURCE: [ANSISYS]

`CSI Ps ; Pn1 ; Pn2 ; Pn3 t` Select a 24-bit colour (`CT24BC`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION

If Ps is 0, sets the background colour. If Ps is 1, sets the foreground colour. Pn1, Pn2, Pn3 contains the RGB value to set. CTerm handles this with an internal temporary palette, so scrollback may not have the correct colours. The internal palette is large enough for all cells in a 132x60 screen to have unique foreground and background colours though, so the current screen should always be as expected.

`CSI ? Ps… u` Restore Mode Setting (`CTRMS`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION

Restores the mode states as saved via CSI ? s. If Ps is omitted, restores all such states. If one or more values of Ps is included, restores all the specified states (arguments to CSI ? l/h)

`CSI u` Restore Cursor Position (`SCORC`)

Move the cursor to the last position saved by CSI s. If no position has been saved, the cursor is not moved.

SOURCE: [ANSISYS]

`CSI 2 $ w` Request Tab Stop Report (`DECTABSR`)

Requests a list of tab stops. The list is in the form: DCS 2 $ u Pt ST

The string Pt is a list of tab stops separated by `/`s.

SOURCE: [VT320]

`CSI Pn1 ; Ps ; Pn2 ; Pn3 ; Pn4 ; Pn5 * y` Request Checksum of Rectangular Area (`DECRQCRA`)

Returns a checksum for the specified rectangular area. Pn1 is an ID that is returned in the response. Ps MUST be 1 Pn2 specifies the top row of the rectangle Pn3 specifies the left column of the rectangle Pn4 specifies the bottom row of the rectangle Pn5 specifies the right column of the rectangle The return value is in the format of DCS Pn1 ! ~ xxxx ST Where xxxx is the hex value of the checksum.

Source: [VT420]

`CSI Pn * z` Invoke Macro (`DECINVM`)

Invokes a macro. Pn specifies the macro number. If Pn is not 0..63, no action is taken.

SOURCE: [VT420]

`CSI = Ps1 ; Ps2 {` (`CTOSF`)

NON-STANDARD EXTENSION (Deprecated)
Defaults: Ps1 = 255 Ps2 = 0
Indicates that a font block is following. Ps1 indicates the font slot to place the loaded font into. This must be higher than the last default defined font (See CSI sp D for list of predefined fonts) Ps2 indicates font size according to the following table:

8x16 font, 4096 bytes.

8x14 font, 3584 bytes.

8x8 font, 2048 bytes.

The DCS font string should be used instead as of CTerm 1.213

"ANSI" Music

This is the place where the BBS world completely fell on it’s face in ANSI usage. A programmer with either TeleMate or QModem (the first two programs to support "ANSI" music as far as I can tell) decided they needed a method of playing music on a BBS connection. They decided to add an "unused" ANSI code and go their merry way. Since their product didn’t implement CSI M (Delete line) they assumed it was unused and blissfully broke the spec. They defined "ANSI" music as: CSI M <music string> 0x0e

They used a subset of IBM BASICs PLAY statement functionality for ANSI music strings which often start with "MF" or "MB", so the M after the CSI was often considered as part of the music string. You would see things such as: CSI MFABCD 0x0e and the F would not be played as a note. This just added further confusion to the mess.

Later on, BananaCom realized the conflict between delete line and music, so they added another broken code CSI N (Properly, erase in field… not implemented in many BBS clients) which was to provide an "unbroken" method of playing music strings. They also used CSI Y to disambiguate delete line, CSI Y is supposed to be a vertical tab (also not implemented in very many clients). BananaCom also introduced many more non-standard and standard-breaking control sequences which are not supported by CTerm.

CTerm has further introduced a standard compliant ANSI music introducer CSI |

By default, CTerm allows both CSI N and CSI | to introduce a music string. Allowed introducers are set by CSI = p1 M as defined above.

The details of ANSI music then are as follows: The following characters are allowed in music strings: "aAbBcCdDeEfFgGlLmMnNoOpPsStT0123456789.-+#<> " If any character not in this list is present, the music string is ignored as is the introducing code.

If the introducing code is CSI M the first char is examined, and if it is a one of "BbFfLlSs" or if it is "N" or "n" and is not followed by a decimal digit, then the music string is treated as though an M is located in front of the first character.

The music string is then parsed with the following sequences supported:

Mx

sets misc. music parameters where x is one of the following:

F

Plays music in the foreground, waiting for music to complete playing before more characters are processed.

B

Play music in the background, allowing normal processing to continue.

N

"Normal" not legato, not staccato

L

Play notes legato

S

Play notes staccato

T###

Sets the tempo of the music where ### is one or more decimal digits. If the decimal number is greater than 255, it is forced to 255. If it is less than 32, it is forced to 32. The number signifies quarter notes per minute. The default tempo is 120.

O###

Sets the octave of the music where ### is one or more decimal digits. If the decimal number is greater than 6, it is forced to 6. The default octave is 4.

N###

Plays a single note by number. Valid values are 0 - 71. Invalid values are played as silence. Note zero is C in octave 0. See following section for valid note modifiers.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or P

Plays the named note or pause from the current octave. An "Octave" is the rising sequence of the following notes: C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G#, A, A#, B The special note P is a pause. Notes may be followed by one or more modifier characters which are applied in order. If one overrides a previous one, the last is used. The valid modifiers are:

+ - Sharp: The next highest semitone is played. Each sharp character will move up one semitone, so "C++" is equivalent to "D".
# - Sharp: The next highest semitone is played. Each sharp character will move up one semitone, so "C##" is equivalent to "D".
- - Flat: The next lowest semitone is played. Each flat character will move down one semitone, so "D--" is equivalent to "C".
. - Duration is 1.5 times what it would otherwise be: Dots are not cumulative, so C.. is equivalent to C.
### - Notelength as a reciprocal of the fraction of a whole note to play the note for: For example, 4 would indicate a 1/4 note. The default note length is 4.

L###

Set the notelength parameter for all following notes which do not have one specified (ie: override the quarter-note default) Legal note lengths are 1-64 indicating the reciprocal of the fraction (ie: 4 indicates a 1/4 note).

<

Move the next lowest octave. Octave cannot go above six or below zero.

>

Move to the next highest octave. Octave cannot go above six or below zero.

The lowest playable character is C in octave zero. The frequencies for the six C notes for the seven octaves in rising order are: 65.406, 130.810, 261.620, 523.250, 1046.500, 2093.000, 4186.000

Purists will note that the lower three octaves are not exactly one half of the next higher octave in frequency. This is due to lost resolution of low frequencies. The notes sound correct to me. If anyone can give me an excellent reason to change them (and more correct integer values for all notes) I am willing to do that assuming the notes still sound "right".

NMOTE: If you are playing some ANSI Music then ask the user if they heard it, ALWAYS follow it with an 0x0f 0x0e is the shift lock character which will cause people with anything but an ANSI-BBS terminal (ie: *nix users using the bundled telnet app) to have their screen messed up. 0x0f "undoes" the 0x0e.

Sequences sent by SyncTERM

The following keys in SyncTERM result in the specified sequence being sent to the remote. This is not part of CTerm, but are documented here for people who want to maintain compatibility.

Left Arrow

"\033[D"

Right Arrow

"\033[C"

Up Arrow

"\033[A"

Down Arrow

"\033[B"

Home

"\033[H"

End

"\033[K"

Select

"\033[K" (Same as End due to termcap weirdness)

Delete

"\x7f"

Page Down

"\033[U"

Page Up

"\033[V"

"\033[11~"

"\033[12~"

"\033[13~"

"\033[14~"

"\033[15~"

"\033[17~" (Note the jump from 15 to 17 here)

"\033[18~"

"\033[19~"

"\033[20~"

F10

"\033[21~"

F11

"\033[23~" (Note the jump from 21 to 23 here)

F12

"\033[24~"

Shift + F1

"\033[11;2~"

Shift + F2

"\033[12;2~"

Shift + F3

"\033[13;2~"

Shift + F4

"\033[14;2~"

Shift + F5

"\033[15;2~"

Shift + F6

"\033[17;2~"

Shift + F7

"\033[18;2~"

Shift + F8

"\033[19;2~"

Shift + F9

"\033[20;2~"

Shift + F10

"\033[21;2~"

Shift + F11

"\033[23;2~"

Shift + F12

"\033[24;2~"

Alt + F1

"\033[11;3~"

Alt + F2

"\033[12;3~"

Alt + F3

"\033[13;3~"

Alt + F4

"\033[14;3~"

Alt + F5

"\033[15;3~"

Alt + F6

"\033[17;3~"

Alt + F7

"\033[18;3~"

Alt + F8

"\033[19;3~"

Alt + F9

"\033[20;3~"

Alt + F10

"\033[21;3~"

Alt + F11

"\033[23;3~"

Alt + F12

"\033[24;3~"

Control + F1

"\033[11;5~"

Control + F2

"\033[12;5~"

Control + F3

"\033[13;5~"

Control + F4

"\033[14;5~"

Control + F5

"\033[15;5~"

Control + F6

"\033[17;5~"

Control + F7

"\033[18;5~"

Control + F8

"\033[19;5~"

Control + F9

"\033[20;5~"

Control + F10

"\033[21;5~"

Control + F11

"\033[23;5~"

Control + F12

"\033[24;5~"

Insert

"\033[@"

Back Tab

"\033[Z"

References

[STD-070] Digital Equipment Corporation. Video Systems Reference Manual. 1989-04-14.
[ECMA-48] ECMA. Control Functions for Coded Character Sets. June 1991
[XTerm] Edward May. XTerm Control Sequences. University of California, Berkeley. 2024/09/19
[Paste64] Thomas E. Dickey. XTerm — bracketed paste. 2022
[BANSI] Paul Wheaton. BANSI.TXT. 1999
[VT102] Digital. VT102 Video Terminal User Guide. 1982.
[VT330/340] Digital. VT330/VT340 Programmer Reference Manual, Volume 2: Graphics Programming. May 1988.
[VT320] Digital. Installing and Using the VT320 Video Terminal. June 1987.
[256colors] Jonas Jarad Jacek. 256 colors cheat sheet. 2023-12-24.
[VT420] Digital. Installing and Using the VT420 Video Terminal. June 1990.
[ANSISYS] Wikipedia. ANSI.SYS.

CTerm Manual

CTerm terminal characteristics

End of line behaviour (wrapping):

Control characters

0x00 NUL (NUL)

0x07 Bell (BEL)

0x08 Backspace (BS)

0x09 Horizontal Tab (HT)

0x0A Line Feed (LF)

0x0D Carriage Return (CR)

0x1B Escape (ESC)

Control Codes

ESC E Next Line (NEL)

ESC H Set Tab (HTS)

ESC M Reverse Line Feed (RI)

ESC P Device Control String (DCS)

Supported DCS string values

ESC X Start Of String (SOS)

ESC \ String Terminator (ST)

ESC ] Operating System Command (OSC)

ESC ^ Privacy Message (PM)

ESC _ Application Program Command (APC)

ESC c Reset to Initial State (RIS)

Control Sequences:

Sequence Parameters

CSI Pn @ Insert Character(s) (ICH)

CSI Pn SP @ Scroll Left (SL)

CSI Pn A Cursor Up (CUU)

CSI Pn SP A Scroll Right (SR)

CSI Pn B Cursor Down (CUD)

CSI Pn C Cursor Right (CUF)

CSI Pn D Cursor Left (CUB)

CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 sp D Font Selection (FNT)

CSI Pn E Cursor Next Line (CNL)

CSI Pn F Cursor Preceding Line (CPL)

CSI Pn G Cursor Character Absolute (CHA)

CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 H Cursor Position (CUP)

CSI Pn I Cursor Forward Tabulation (CHT)

CSI Ps J Erase in Page (ED)

CSI Ps K Erase in Line (EL)

CSI Pn L Insert Line(s) (IL)

CSI Pn M Delete Line(s) / "ANSI" Music (DL)

CSI = Ps M CTerm Set ANSI Music (CTSAM)

CSI N BananaCom ANSI Music (BCAM)

CSI Pn P Delete Character (DCH)

CSI Pn S Scroll Up (SU)

CSI ? Ps1 ; Ps2 S XTerm Set or Request Graphics Attribute (XTSRGA)

CSI Pn T Scroll Down (SD)

CSI Pn X Erase Character (ECH)

CSI Pn Y Cursor Line Tabulation (CVT)

CSI Pn Z Cursor Backward Tabulation (CBT)

CSI Pn ` Character Position Absolute (HPA)

CSI Pn a Cursor Position Forward (HPR)

CSI Pn b Repeat (REP)

CSI Ps c Device Attributes (DA)

CSI < Ps c CTerm Device Attributes (CTDA)

CSI PN d Line Position Absolute (VPA)

CSI Pn SP d Tab Stop Remove (TSR)

CSI Pn e Line Position Forward (VPR)

CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 f Character and Line Position (HVP)

CSI Ps g Tabulation Clear (TBC)

CSI = 255 h (BCSET)

CSI = 4 h Enable Last Column Flag (CTELCF)

CSI = 5 h Force Last Column Flag (CTFLCF)

CSI ? Ps…​ h Set Mode (DECSET)

CSI Pn j Character Position Backward (HPB)

CSI Pn k Line Position Backward (VPB)

CSI = 255 l Disable DoorWay Mode (BCRST)

CSI = 4 l (CTDLCF)

CSI ? Ps…​ l Reset Mode (DECRST)

CSI Ps…​ m Select Graphic Rendition (SGR)

CSI Ps n Device Status Report (DSR)

CSI = Ps n State/Mode Request/Report (CTSMRR)

CSI ? Ps [ ; Pn ] n Device Status Report (DECDSR)

CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 r Set Top and Bottom Margins (DECSTBM)

CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 * r Select Communication Speed (DECSCS)

CSI ? Ps…​ s Save Mode Setting (CTSMS)

CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 s Set Left and Right Margins (DECSLRM)

CSI s Save Current Position (SCOSC)

CSI Ps ; Pn1 ; Pn2 ; Pn3 t Select a 24-bit colour (CT24BC)

`0x00` NUL (`NUL`)

`0x07` Bell (`BEL`)

`0x08` Backspace (`BS`)

`0x09` Horizontal Tab (`HT`)

`0x0A` Line Feed (`LF`)

`0x0D` Carriage Return (`CR`)

`0x1B` Escape (`ESC`)

`ESC E` Next Line (`NEL`)

`ESC H` Set Tab (`HTS`)

`ESC M` Reverse Line Feed (`RI`)

`ESC P` Device Control String (`DCS`)

Supported `DCS` string values

`ESC X` Start Of String (`SOS`)

`ESC \` String Terminator (`ST`)

`ESC ]` Operating System Command (`OSC`)

`ESC ^` Privacy Message (`PM`)

`ESC _` Application Program Command (`APC`)

`ESC c` Reset to Initial State (`RIS`)

`CSI Pn @` Insert Character(s) (`ICH`)

`CSI Pn SP @` Scroll Left (`SL`)

`CSI Pn A` Cursor Up (`CUU`)

`CSI Pn SP A` Scroll Right (`SR`)

`CSI Pn B` Cursor Down (`CUD`)

`CSI Pn C` Cursor Right (`CUF`)

`CSI Pn D` Cursor Left (`CUB`)

`CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 sp D` Font Selection (`FNT`)

`CSI Pn E` Cursor Next Line (`CNL`)

`CSI Pn F` Cursor Preceding Line (`CPL`)

`CSI Pn G` Cursor Character Absolute (`CHA`)

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 H` Cursor Position (`CUP`)

`CSI Pn I` Cursor Forward Tabulation (`CHT`)

`CSI Ps J` Erase in Page (`ED`)

`CSI Ps K` Erase in Line (`EL`)

`CSI Pn L` Insert Line(s) (`IL`)

`CSI Pn M` Delete Line(s) / "ANSI" Music (`DL`)

`CSI = Ps M` CTerm Set ANSI Music (`CTSAM`)

`CSI N` BananaCom ANSI Music (`BCAM`)

`CSI Pn P` Delete Character (`DCH`)

`CSI Pn S` Scroll Up (`SU`)

`CSI ? Ps1 ; Ps2 S` XTerm Set or Request Graphics Attribute (`XTSRGA`)

`CSI Pn T` Scroll Down (`SD`)

`CSI Pn X` Erase Character (`ECH`)

`CSI Pn Y` Cursor Line Tabulation (`CVT`)

`CSI Pn Z` Cursor Backward Tabulation (`CBT`)

CSI Pn ` Character Position Absolute (`HPA`)

`CSI Pn a` Cursor Position Forward (`HPR`)

`CSI Pn b` Repeat (`REP`)

`CSI Ps c` Device Attributes (`DA`)

`CSI < Ps c` CTerm Device Attributes (`CTDA`)

`CSI PN d` Line Position Absolute (`VPA`)

`CSI Pn SP d` Tab Stop Remove (`TSR`)

`CSI Pn e` Line Position Forward (`VPR`)

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 f` Character and Line Position (`HVP`)

`CSI Ps g` Tabulation Clear (`TBC`)

`CSI = 255 h` (`BCSET`)

`CSI = 4 h` Enable Last Column Flag (`CTELCF`)

`CSI = 5 h` Force Last Column Flag (`CTFLCF`)

`CSI ? Ps… h` Set Mode (DECSET)

`CSI Pn j` Character Position Backward (`HPB`)

`CSI Pn k` Line Position Backward (`VPB`)

`CSI = 255 l` Disable DoorWay Mode (`BCRST`)

`CSI = 4 l` (`CTDLCF`)

`CSI ? Ps… l` Reset Mode (`DECRST`)

`CSI Ps… m` Select Graphic Rendition (`SGR`)

`CSI Ps n` Device Status Report (`DSR`)

`CSI = Ps n` State/Mode Request/Report (`CTSMRR`)

`CSI ? Ps [ ; Pn ] n` Device Status Report (`DECDSR`)

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 r` Set Top and Bottom Margins (`DECSTBM`)

`CSI Ps1 ; Ps2 * r` Select Communication Speed (`DECSCS`)

`CSI ? Ps… s` Save Mode Setting (`CTSMS`)

`CSI Pn1 ; Pn2 s` Set Left and Right Margins (`DECSLRM`)

`CSI s` Save Current Position (`SCOSC`)

`CSI Ps ; Pn1 ; Pn2 ; Pn3 t` Select a 24-bit colour (`CT24BC`)

`CSI ? Ps… u` Restore Mode Setting (`CTRMS`)

`CSI u` Restore Cursor Position (`SCORC`)

`CSI 2 $ w` Request Tab Stop Report (`DECTABSR`)

`CSI Pn1 ; Ps ; Pn2 ; Pn3 ; Pn4 ; Pn5 * y` Request Checksum of Rectangular Area (`DECRQCRA`)

`CSI Pn * z` Invoke Macro (`DECINVM`)

`CSI = Ps1 ; Ps2 {` (`CTOSF`)